Read the attachment carefully Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Peruse the connection cautiously - Assignment Example e is rivalry; different organizations like Schlumberger and Halliburton additionally work in a similar industry delivering practically comparative items to the market. Every one of their items are devoured by similar buyers making rivalry an incredible outer factor in the undertaking condition. It generally holds the organization in line to deliver more and quality supplies and administrations (Kew &John, 11). Clients request items dependent on their quality creation the organizations contend in delivering the best characteristics. The better the quality, the higher the utilization rate, in this manner, more benefit to the business (Slaton and Hunter, 321). To be proficient in their creation quality is significant prompting the following errand condition that is assets. Assets incorporate talented laborers, crude materials, and money. These components must exist for effective activity of the organization in requests to deliver quality administrations and types of gear. Without them, the organization can't work, and on the off chance that they are restricted, the degree of creation is decreased and the organization can crumple. The last significant component in the assignment condition of the National Oil Well Varco Inc is the innovation. It upgrades smooth tasks inside the organization and creation of specialized apparatuses. Since the majority of its items are utilized by different firms like penetrating organizations, cutting edge innovation is basic to delivering effective types of gear and administrations. Innovation additionally causes it stay aware of the opposition in the worldwide market on the loose. In the Oil Gas Drilling Industry, Diamond Offshore Drilling is one of the organizations working in that part. A portion of its undertaking surroundings are like those of the National Oil Well Varco Inc. For instance, it is confronted with finish from different organizations like, Noble Corp, and Ensco plc that likewise drill oil gas. Another comparable basic errand condition component is innovation. For powerful and productive activity of the organization, trend setting innovation is vital. Its exercises require complex and trend setting innovation to

Can You Earn a Living as an Administrative Freelancer

Would you be able to Earn a Living as an Administrative Freelancer Numerous individuals have found that functioning as a consultant on the Internet or in an office gives greater adaptability in business and permits laborers to single out the employments they need to do. Managerial specialists find that they can likewise apply their office abilities to procure a living like an in-house representative. Since most people filling in as managers have abilities in various regions, they can pick whether to focus on one region, for example, accounting, or work in a few distinctive areas.How to Start Out as an Administrative FreelancerYou can look for some kind of employment as a managerial consultant by utilizing your aptitudes. Consider the abilities you have and make a rundown. Incorporate what you appreciate doing the most and what you are best at doing. Do you appreciate client care, bolster ventures identified with deals or the board, bookkeeping, planning or different aspects of authoritative work? Doing pursuits of employment in every zone augments y our latent capacity work base and offers you the chance to single out the occupations you like the best.Finding WorkThe first thing an independent specialist has to know is the place to secure positions. The Internet extends to numerous employment opportunity destinations to look for independent work, promoted by various organizations. There are likewise destinations that offer various postings from various organizations that you can look. TheJobNetwork scans various locales for you and sends you the postings as cautions so you dont need to carry out the responsibility chasing yourself.Write a New ResumeA independent clerical specialist can target employments identified with their abilities and experience. In any case, the occupations you apply for may need somebody fit for doing explicit kinds of authoritative work. Utilizing an expert format to compose your resume can give you a lift by utilizing various configurations, designs and substance to go after specific sorts of positions . For example, on the off chance that you are going after a job as a laborer who sets up gatherings and keeps the every day office plan, you can review a resume intended for that position. An employment opportunity for office bookkeeping work can require an alternate approach.What Information to Include in Your ResumeThe sort of data and style you use in a resume relies upon your inclination. A person who has been looking for an occupation for a while or who has business holes in the work history might not have any desire to remember dates for a resume. Moreover, a specialist with little experience may want to leave the dates of work off. A practical resume of this sort can feature your abilities and experience without uncovering holes in the work history.Making a Living as an Administrative FreelancerWhen choosing to accept a position, remember that as a specialist you will be paying your own independent work charges and different costs that may have been dealt with by your manager in a standard activity. One approach to choose the amount you should charge for your administrations is to glance in your general vicinity at the pay rates extended for that sort of employment opportunity. Incorporate a net revenue, cash to cover charges and medicinal services and different costs that you will be paying yourself. In any case, you have to remember that on the off chance that you are telecommuting and can save space for an office, you may have charge reasonings from your independent work that will bring down your net income.Searching for employments utilizing TheJobNetwork stage makes it advantageous to do. Put in your qualifications and the kind of employment you are searching for and TheJobNetwork accomplishes the work. It look through various destinations utilizing your measures and messages cautions to tell you a vocation has been found. TheJobNetwork positions the activity so you can tell how intently it meets your desire.

Looking ahead to IAP

Looking ahead to IAP Three days of class: 20 sheets of notebook paper Four days of non-stop studying: 8 cups of coffee Three exams: 5 wrinkles and 3 gray hairs Having 2+ weeks of winter break and a month of IAP: Priceless Winter break is upon us and promises to be a grand ole time. Im especially excited about Independent Activities Period (IAP), which lasts from January 9- February 5. Students have the option of either staying at home/traveling/doing whatever they want or coming back on campus and taking advantage of what is, in my opinion, one of the coolest times to be at MIT. By browsing the IAP website, you can choose from hundreds of credit and non-credit activities. Another popular option is working on a UROP. If you dont have a UROP yet, IAP is a really great time to start because you can work up to 40 hours per week with your supervisor, giving them a lot of time to train you and get you on the right track before classes start and things start to get hectic. Last year, I started my UROP in the Chen Lab in the Center for Cancer Research at the beginning of IAP and continued until the end of the year. It was pretty intense, but twice a week after work I went to a No Book, Just Cook cooking class taught by two MIT graduate students. I have always been passionate about food (I think it comes from my Turkish roots, where food is used to bring people together) and this class equipped me with confidence and a fabulous set of recipes. The point of the class was to teach the process of improvisation and how to combine different ingredients to make yummy new dishes. We watched the teachers cook for two hours, while they explained everything from their choice of ingredients to tricks of the trade, and at the end of each class we got to sample everything they made. Through the class, we learned to make red wine risotto, goulash, tomato soup, whole roast chicken, lamb stew, roast pork tenderloin, scallops with scallions, oven baked trout/salmon, overn roasted Pollack, pasta with Gorgonzola cheese and apples, swordfish, pears in wine, and tiramisu. Unfortunately, I dont think the class is being offered this IAP. As a Mechanical Engineering (Course 2) major, we are required to take a 6-credit class called Mechanical Engineering Tools (2.670) for two weeks of IAP. The class meets every day from 9 AM 4 PM and teaches the fundamentals of machine tool and computer tool use. Using the different tools in the machine shop, we get to create our own Stirling Engine that is powered by an ethanol burner. Heres an explanation from the website: Air in the engine is cyclically heated (by an alcohol burner) and expands to push the power piston (shown in blue) to the right. As the power piston moves to the right, the yellow linkage forces the loose-fitting, red piston (on the left half of the machine) to displace air to the cooler side of the engine. The air on the cool side loses heat to the outside world and contracts, pulling the blue piston to the left. The air is again displaced, sending it back to the hotter region of the engine, and the cycle repeats. The Stirling engine cycle can also be used in reverse, to convert rotating motion into a temperature differential (and thus provide refrigeration). Use your favorite search engine to find additional links on Stirling engines! 2.670 is a prerequisite for the robotics competition called Design and Manufacturing I (2.007). The challenge of the class changes every year, but m so excited! The competition occurs at the end of the semester and everyone is invited, Ill be sure to disclose the details when theyre available! So, IAP is four weeks long and 2.670 is a two-week class. You might be asking yourself, Melis, what are you planning on doing for the rest of IAP? Sleeping? Reading? Watching movies? Ah, yes, all of the above, and a few other things as well. For a week, Ill be participating in the Undergraduate Practice Opportunities Program (UPOP) (http://web.mit.edu/engineering/upop/), which I know sounds almost exactly like UROP, which can get very confusing. Well, UPOP is pretty different from UROP. It is an internship program sponsored by the School of Engineering that teaches sophomores about professional life, helps us get a summer job in industry, and assists in the transition from MIT to the Real World. They call the IAP seminar a pre-employment boot camp where were drilled with practice interviews and mocktails. Upperclassmen have raved about how useful it is and 98% of participants get a summer job! Finally, I hope to take Beginners Life Drawing through the Student Art Association. One thing I feel that my class schedule lacks is an art class. Granted, there are many music classes available and a few in visual arts, but nothing like drawing, painting, or sculpture (correct me if m wrong!). I just found out about the MIT Student Arts Association when I stumbled upon some of their kilns in the Student Center. So, hurray, now I get to learn how to draw! I have a lot of artsy people in my family, my aunt is an artist and my parents are architects. When I was little I loved to draw, but I was never really motivated to continue, but now I think it will be a good way to relax and have some fun. Other art classes available include: oil painting, clay, darkroom techniques, potters wheel, Chinese brush painting, Gum Bichromate, and more! Ok, back to work! Good luck, everyone! Looking ahead to IAP I got this email in my inbox: Hi Eveyrone! I know its hard to believe but IAP is fast approaching and, along with it, the 2007 MIT Mystery Hunt! This years hunt will begin on Friday, January 12th at 12pm in Lobby 7. Thanks! Jennifer for The Evil Midnight Bombers What Bomb At Midnight Just to show you how much I love mystery hunt, a few old blog entries: Mystery Hunt 1 Mystery Hunt 2 :-D Post Tagged #Mystery Hunt

The National Quality Standard And Early Years Learning...

Jimmy is a child who is sitting by the window looking out into the playground watching the other children play. If only Jimmy had the social and emotional skills to go outside and explore the playground. Early childhood is a time where children want to express themselves and explore their world independently. It is, therefore, imperative that early childhood settings foster autonomy and develop age-appropriate social and emotional skills. This increasing independence must be fostered for children to grow, develop and become allowing them to function independently (autonomy). This is emphasised strongly through both the National Quality Standard and Early Years Learning Framework. This sense of autonomy can only be fostered if early childhood centres develop age-appropriate social and emotional skills (Department of Health and Ageing, 2010). When early childhood centres foster these social and emotional skills children develop a strong self – esteem, confidence and the abil ity to socially participate in their (agency). Ultimately leading to a strong sense of identity and wellbeing. The National Quality Standard and the Early Years Learning Framework highlight children’s emotional and social development as critical parts and are highlighted in both. It’s imperative that early childhood services foster student’s autonomy and agency. Independence contributes to children’s sense of achievement and success, enhancing the development of the child’s self-esteem, identity, andShow MoreRelatedAustralian Government Policies, Initiatives And Legislative Requirements1075 Words   |  5 Pagesanalyse how these documents influence curriculum, promote quality care and support the achievement of high quality outcomes for young children in Early Learning contexts. Introduction 200 words l Overview of the situation and identification of key issues. In 2012, the National Quality Framework (NQF) was introduced by the Australian Government and subsequently applied to majority of children’s education and care services. The framework is used to ensure the wellbeing of children throughout theirRead MoreThe National Quality Standard Requirements For Early Childhood Education1196 Words   |  5 PagesEarly childhood educators are expected to know more about the brain development of the child, in order for him to read and write, but on the other hand, for the educator to communicate in a better way. The educators have to keep in mind the aspect of life where the children has to interact with the immediate environment and and sensory awareness. Moreover, the children has to learn to take responsibilities of their actions therefore, the educators role has expanded as there is a more complex andRead Morenational quality standards1389 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Task A: Research National quality standards National quality standard definition; ‘the national quality standard is the benchmark for the quality of early childhood education and care in Australia.’ National Quality Standard (NQS) is the main aspect of the NQF which sets a national standard for early childhood education and care, and also outside school hours care services in Australia. It aims to promote; The safety, health and wellbeing of children A focus on achieving outcomesRead MoreThis Chapter Will Provide The Theoretical Framework For1281 Words   |  6 PagesThis chapter will provide the theoretical framework for training teachers for family engagement followed by a current and comprehensive literature review of: (1) Importance of family engagement, (2) Family engagement and educational equity, (3) Current state of teacher preparation for family engagement, (4) Teachers’ beliefs and attitudes towards family engagement, and (5) Best practices for teacher preparation. Following the literature review, the summary at the end of the chapter will proposeRead MoreKey Influences On The Quality Improvement Accreditation System And The Current National Quality Framework1309 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will introduce five key influences on the establishing of education and care settings in Australia, the similarities and differences between the Quality Improvement Accreditation System and the current National Quality Framework. Maybanke Anderson and Lillian de Lissa as well as other people were pioneer who led the movement to early childhood education and care in Australia (OEDC,2000). Educational thinkers including Froebel and Pestalozzi and the associated development of preschool movementsRead MoreEvaluation Of Children s Learning Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesContext for learning In this sun safety unit, it will require children to participate in different contexts to benefit their learning. These include: - Real Life engagements - Routines transitions - Intentional teaching - Play Grouping The activities involved in this plan require children to work as an individual, pairs and as a whole class, however these activities are flexible and could be changed to suit different grouping. Connections This sun safety unit for kindergarten students is ableRead MoreLife s Little Treasures Preschool1399 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship between place, learning and development† (Fleer, 2013, p. 184), which is greatest supported through our natural environments and a sociocultural philosophy of Early Childhood Education inspired by Lev Vygotsky (Berk, 2006). Our preschool’s outdoor play area provides limitless opportunities for your children to learn through play, whilst acquiring respect and an appreciation for nature and their environment, working towards and achieving all five Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) Outcomes (AustralianRead MoreUnit Shc22 - Introduction to Personal Development in Health, Social Care or Children’s and Young People’s Settings1528 Words   |  7 Pagessituations, setting some interesting activities for them, support their routine, being a good example, by assessing the risks to keep them safe. We give them the opportunity to learn things in their ways, without teaching them, but supervise them in their learning. We are responsible for the children hygiene and to keep them healthy, to respect the safety rules and to prevent and avoid the dangerous situations. We make observation on the child achievements and the stages of development, which I share withRead MoreThe Primary Limitation Of Leadership1586 Words   |  7 Pages 2014). Models of leadership help early childhood educator to understand the factors, which highlight effective leadership. A model is a significance framework for categorizing required features or factors. It also oversimplifies a very complex idea that can be supportive for understanding important components and believed factors (Rodd, 2013). Leadership is nothing but the capability to influence people towards the achievement of goals. The leadership qualities come from personal sources, whichRead MoreManaging quality in a childcare setting1455 Words   |  6 PagesManaging Quality in an Early Education and Childcare Setting 1. Two pieces of legislation that ensure quality provision are The Children’s (Scot) Act 1995 and The Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004. The Children (Scotland) Act 1995 links parts of child care, family and adoption law, that affect children’s quality of life. The Act puts children first and brings together three key principles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child; non-discrimination;

Native American myth Free Essays

string(24) " to populate the earth\." The aspect of legends is a key part of the Native American or the Indian American history. These stories were told and handed down from generation to generation to better explain certain phenomena that Indian Americans at the time considered to be strange. In most instances, these tales were told in relation to the things that happened around the various Indian American tribes. We will write a custom essay sample on Native American myth or any similar topic only for you Order Now Among these legends were the plant, animal and creation myth. This essay therefore seeks to examine the relationship between Indian American myths and nature. Long ago, before there were ant people, the world was young and water covered everything. The earth was a great island floating above the seas, suspended by four rawhide ropes representing the four sacred directions. It hung down from the crystal sky. There were no people, but the animals lined in a home above the rainbow. Needing space, they sent Water Beetle to search for room under the seas. Water Beetle dove down deep and brought up mud that spread quickly, turning into land that was flat and too soft and wet for the animals to live on. (Andrews, 1988:196+)     Grandfather Buzzard was sent to see if the land hardened. When he flew over the earth, he found the mud had become solid; he flapped in for a closer look. The wind from his wings created valleys and mountains, and flat is why the Cherokee territory has so many mountains today. (Andrews 1988:196+) As the earth stiffened, the animals came down from the rainbow. It was still dark. They needed light, so they pulled the sun out from behind the rainbow, but it was too bright and hot. A solution was urgently needed. The Shamans were told to place the sun higher in the sky. A path was made for it to travel from east to west so that all inhabitants could share in the light. The plants were placed upon the earth. The Creator told the plants and animals to stay awake for seven days and seven nights. (Andrews 1988:196+) Only a few animals managed to do so, including the owls and mountain lions, and they were rewarded with the power to see in the dark. Among the plants only the cedars, spruces, and pines remained awake. The Creator told these plants that they would keep their hair during the winter, while the other plants would lose theirs. People were created last. The women were able to have babies every seven days. They reproduced so quickly that the Creator feared the world would soon become too crowded. So after that the women could have only one child per year, and it has been that way ever since. Looking at the Native American myths of creation we see that, the basic premises of Native American creation mythology are intertwined with the natural world and frequently include animals that act as creators, messengers, protectors, guardians, and advisers. (Andrews, 1988:196+)   They were often thought to possess human qualities and had the ability to speak, think, and act like humans. Animals such as the coyote, bear, raven, spider, and turtle are often found in stories recounting the origin of a tribe. (Andrews, 1988:196+) They were thought of as spiritual guides or important players in the community’s daily existence. In some instances they try to justify what nature had created. For instance, The Mojave, for example, believe that long ago, people lived underground. When their food diminished, they sent a hummingbird to the upper world to search for more. The bird found much food, and the people climbed out of the ground and moved into this new world Also, according to the lore of numerous tribes, animals walked the earth prior to man. They helped to Shape, teach, feed and spiritually nurture the people who later lived with them. Animals played a vital role in the life of the Native people, and honoring their spirits could bring blessings, life balance, and abundance. (Ella, 1966:112)   Many Native Americans believed in the special medicine, or power, that each animal held. The mythic beasts were often given the highest respect that could be bestowed on a spirit: the role of creator. When an individual or tribe needed assistance, it called upon an animal’s knowledge, power, and spirit. To this day, animals are considered sacred by the Native American peoples and are appealed to in times of need. (Ella, 1966:112) According to the Coyote myth common to Nez Perce, who lived in Idaho, Washington, and Oregon, they trace their ancestry back to the tricky Coyote.   In the beginning, Old Man Coyote stood alone with water surrounding him. Two ducks swam by, and Coyote asked if they had seen anyone else. (Andrews, 1988:196+)  Ã‚     The ducks said no but thought that something might exist under the water. Coyote asked if they would travel underwater for him and report on what they saw. The ducks did as they were asked, finding nothing. He asked again, and the ducks returned with a root. On the third try, they found mud and Coyote was happy. He told the ducks that they could build with it, and he began to shape and mold the mud into an island. He blew on it, and it expanded. He blew again, and it grew into the earth. The ducks said they did not like the earth’s emptiness, so Coyote created grass and trees out of the roots that came from the water. (Andrews 1988:196+) Coyote and the ducks loved the earth, but it was fiat. They wanted rivers, valleys, mountains, and lakes. So it was done. Soon Coyote and the ducks made a perfect earth, but they grew lonely, with only the three of them to sit and enjoy the land. So Coyote molded dirt to form men and then more mud to create many types of male ducks. Soon, they realized that without women, the males could not have children. So with more dirt he made women and female ducks to populate the earth. You read "Native American myth" in category "Essay examples" (Andrews 1988:196+)   This myth does not explain the origin of water, the two ducks and the mud. This probably could be linked to nature. Among the Coyote tales also, is one in, which it is told how the Coyote visited the Porcupine, who scratched his nose until blood flowed freely out over it; he then roasted it until it turned into a piece of fine meat. Coyote invited his host to return the visit in two days. He tried to imitate the Porcupine, but failed ignominiously. He next visited the Wolf, who roasted two arrow points that were transformed into minced meat. (Bruchac 1999:5-9) Again the Coyote tried to imitate his host, but failed. Compare with this the tradition of the Chinook, who tell how Bluejay tried to imitate his host; that of the Comox, Nootka, and Kwakiutl of Vancouver island, and of the Bella Coola and Tsimshian of Northern British Columbia, who tell the same story of the Raven; that of the Ponca, who tell the same story of Ictinike, and that of the Micmac, who relate how the Rabbit tried to imitate his host. Although the peculiar method of producing food by magic is not always the same, the whole stories are identical to all intents and purposes. (Bruchac 1999:5-9) Later on it is told how the Coyote was playing with his eyes, tearing them out of their sockets and throwing them up; then they fell back into their sockets. We find the identical incident among the Shuswap in the interior of British Columbia and among the Blackfeet. Once upon a time the Coyote met the Brown Giant. He proposed to him that they should vomit. He placed a large piece of pine bark before each as a dish, and bade the Brown Giant keep his eyes shut till he was told to open them. (Bruchac 1999:5-9) Coyote vomited bugs and worms, while the Brown Giant vomited fat venison. Coyote exchanged the dishes, and then told the Giant to open his eyes. The Shuswap ascribe the same trick to Coyote when he met the Cannibal Owl. (Bruchac 1999:5-9) The people sought to divine their fate. (Clements 1986:220)   They threw a hide scraper into the water, saying, â€Å"If it sinks, we perish; if it floats, we live.† It floated, and all rejoiced. Then Coyote repeated the same test with a stone. It sank, and therefore people die. Among the Black feet, the first woman asked the â€Å"Old Man† if people would be immortal. In order to decide this question he threw a buffalo chip into the water, saying that if it floated people would resurrect on the fourth day after their death. It floated. Then the woman took a stone, saying, â€Å"If it floats, we will always live; it sinks, people must die.† It sank, and therefore people died. (Clements 1986:220) This again tends to explain the mystery of death thereby emphasizing the point that, Native American myths are closely tied to nature as death is natural. There also existed the myth of plant among the Indian Americans. This specifically was the corn myth and was common among North Carolina-Cherokee Indians. It held that, many years ago there was an old woman who lived happily with her grandson until the boy turned seven years old. On his birthday she gave him a bow and arrow with which to hunt. (White 1993:164) On his first expedition he came back with a small bird. She was very proud of him and told him so. The Grandmother went out to her storeroom behind the lodge in which they lived. She soon came back with corn in a basket. She made a delicious soup with the corn and the little bird. (Bruchac 1999:5-9) Everyday that the boy brought home the fruits of his hunt his grandmother would go to the storehouse and bring back the corn to make the meal. The boy became very curious and decided to follow her. He watched her as she stood in front of her basket and rubbed her hand along the side of her body. As she did this the corn filled the basket. He became afraid and thought that she might be a witch. He hurriedly returned to the lodge. (Bruchac, 1999:5-9) When the Grandmother came in she knew that he had seen what she had done. She told him that because of this she must die and leave him. She would tell him what to do so that there would always be food for their people. She said, â€Å"When I die, go to the south side of the lodge and clear the Earth until it is completely bare. Then drag my body along the Earth seven times and bury me in the ground.† (Bruchac, 1999:5-9) The boy did as he was told. He dragged her body over the Earth and wherever a drop of her blood fell to the ground a small plant would appear. He kept the ground cleared around each plant and soon they grew very tall with long tassels of silk at the top which reminded him of his Grandmother’s long hair. Eventually ears of corn grew and his Grandmother’s promise came true. Even though the Grandmother has passed from this Earth she is still present as the corn plant to feed her people. (Bruchac, 1999:5-9) Native American Indian also had the horse myth, which was part of the animal myths. This myth was generally known as the sky dog myth as it holds for other animals. This myth holds that, a long, long time ago we had to walk and walk from sky to sky, from camp to camp. (Dutton, 1996: 94) Our dogs carried our rawhide bags and pulled our travois sleds. We walked so much that we wore out many moccasins going across the plains. Of a sudden, one day, coming from Old Man’s sleeping room, west of the mountains, we saw some strange looking beasts. (Yolen, 1990:62) They were as big as elk and they had tails of straw. Lying across the backs of these beasts were two Kutani men. One beast was pulling a travois sled. We became afraid because we did not understand. My best friend, Jumps-Over-the-Water hid behind his mother’s skirt. The bravest of all of us known as Running Bear, ran behind the nearest tipi to hide. I was so frightened I could not move. I was away from the safety of my father’s tipi. The men in our tribe yelled that we were not to be afraid that we were the mighty Piegans who took the land sway from the Kutani. As I looked around I saw that they were afraid. They all had big eyes and four of them had their hunting bows aimed. Then our chief Long Arrow laughed. He said, â€Å"These are from Old Man. They are a gift like the elk, antelope, buffalo and bighorn sheep they are called Sky Dogs†. (Yolen, 1990: 62) To wrap up this discussion, it worthy to note that most Native American myth were a bid to provide an explanation for what nature had created. It is for this reason that we have the creation myth, the sky dog myth, and the plant myth, to name these. Thus the contention that, literary analysis of Native American myths emphasizes a bond with nature. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bruchac J. (1991) Native American Stories. Colorado: Fulcrum Publishing. Clements M.W. (1986) Native American Folklore in Nineteenth-Century Periodicals. Athens Swallow Publication Ella C. (l966) Indian Legends from the Northern Rockies, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. Yolen J. (1990) Sky Dogs. Harcourt CA 92101. Dutton B. and Olin C. (1996) Myths and Legends of the Indians of the Southwest. Santa Barbara Bellerophon Books. White H.M. (1993)   Everyday Life of the North American Indian, New York Indian Head Books. Magazines Andrews T. J. (1998) World and I. â€Å"Share in the Light: Native American Stories of Creation†.vol.13 News World Communications How to cite Native American myth, Essay examples

5 Star Doctor free essay sample

First a good doctor should be knowledgeable and should always keep abreast of development in her field of expertise. She should be a skillful diagnostician. A good doctor should neither under prescribe or over prescribe medication to her patient as to make her own profit. Second, a good doctor should has high Emotional Quotient or EQ. Thats mean to be a doctor who had warmer personality, be a better listener and communicator beside emphathetic in communication patterns to restore a level of calm and confidence to the patient and make them feel that the doctor is for them. Third, a good doctor should also be a good philosopher. This means that, the doctor should treat the patients in a holistic way. The holistic way of treating patient is by treat the patient as a whole person instead just physical symptoms which is to counsel the patient on their diet, excersice and stress management instead of just give the patient their medicine. We will write a custom essay sample on 5 Star Doctor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Fourth, a good doctor should able to be a person who is clear and logical in thinking, work with sincere heart, have skilled with hands for the surgery and easy to reach in case of emergency. The doctor would be humble and confident enough to collaborate with other doctors or senior doctors in medical community to tackle an illness which she is not uncertain about, in order to offer the best practices in management and treatment to the patients. Fifth, a good doctor should need the Five Star doctor qualities. Which are, improves the quality of care by responding to the patients total health needs with integrated preventive, curative and rehabilitatve services while considering the patients as an integral part of a family and community. Next is to make optimal use of new but cost- effective technologies, bearing in mind ethical and finacial consideratons and the ultimate benefits as well as costs to the patient and society. The doctor also promotes healthy life styles by effectively communicating with individuals and groups and empowering their own health protection and well- being. The Five-Star Doctor should reconciles individual and community health requirements, stiking a balance between patients expectations and those society at large. Beside that, the doctor is able to work and fuction efficiently and effectively in teams, both within and across the health sector and other socio- economic sectors influencing health. Another qualities a good doctor should has are sincere, dedicated, and courteous. He is able to complement his medical knowledge and clinical judgement with humanistic qualities of integrity, respect and compassion asn sees the patients as fellow human beings and not as a case with an illness. A Five- Star Doctor is one who not only demonstrate professional competence but also one who manifest personal qualities of patient, maturity and confident beside listen tentively to the patient to the patients complains and try to answer all their questions to the best of his knowledge. Sensitive to patient special needs, particularly their emotional needs and general well being. Avoids robotic prescription and drugs but rather, help the patients by identify the underlying couses of their promblems. Last but not least, a good doctor will treasure the relationship with the patients based upon mutual respect and open communication. The conclusions are as a medical doctor I need the learning skills and clinical skills to be a good and a Five Star doctor. Beside that, I also need to have high EQ or emotional qualities to gain the trust from my patients and colleagues. This is important because without them who am I? Thats all from me thank you.

Questionnaire on Advertising Effectiveness free essay sample

Have you seen the advertisements of Nirapara ? ? Yes ? No 2. How would you rate the advertisements of Nirapara compared with others you have seen ? ? Much better ? Better ? More or less the same ? Worse ? Much worse 3. How frequently do you watch the advertisements of Nirapara ? ? Every day ? Weekly ? Fortnightly ? Monthly ? Never 4. From which media you noticed this advertisement ? ? TV ? Newspaper ? Magazines Print boards ? Others 5. How did the advertisement describe the products ? ? Highly effective ? Effective ? Average ? Ineffective ? Highly ineffective 6. Based on the advertisements of Nirapara would you buy it ? ? Surely yes ? Probably yes ? May be ? Probably not ? Surely not 7. The presence of celebrity influence the effectiveness of advertisement ? ? Strongly agree ? Agree ? Neutral ? Disagree ? Strongly disagree 8. The advertisements of Nirapara is informative ? ? strongly agree ? Agree ? Neutral ? Disagree ? Strongly disagree 9. The advertisement of Nirapara is creative ? ? Strongly agree ? Agree ? Neutral ? Disagree ? Strongly disagree 10. TV advertisement is more attractive than printed advertisement ? ? strongly agree ? Agree ? Neutral ? Disagree ? Strongly disagree 11. We will write a custom essay sample on Questionnaire on Advertising Effectiveness or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ethical value of the advertisement ? ? Highly ethical ? Ethical ? Neutral ? Unethical ? Highly unethical 12. Present advertisements of Nirapara is enough for their promotion of products ? strongly agree ? Agree ? Neutral ? Disagree ? Strongly disagree 13. The advertisement of which Nirapara product you mostly noticed.

Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Essays

Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Essays Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Paper Define Jamestown as the First Colony in 1607, Captain John Smith and the House of Burgesses, John Rolfe, Brown Gold (Tobacco), and the Headright System. Paper Jamestown was the first successful English colony established in 1607 in Virginia, where the Roanoke settlers had disappeared. After King James I gave the Virginia Company of London its grant, three ships were sent out and sailed into Chesapeake Bay. The settlers named the peninsula after the king, Jamestown, but made poor judgment by settling in low and swampy land. The colony was weakened by disease, raids, and internal political conflicts. It was saved however by the remarkable Captain John Smith, who stopped the settlers’ quarrels with his boldness and worldly knowledge and experience. He also traded for corn with the Indians by keeping a peaceful relationship with them. Although the settlers were dying at a rapid rate, the Virginia Company kept sending new recruits and supplies. However, when Captain Smith was injured by an explosion, he was forced to return to England, leaving the colony weak and unable to feed itself. The colony became self-supporting when it started producing tobacco, which was not only liked but was also recommended by doctors to cure any disease. In 1612, John Rolfe began to grow a certain type of tobacco in Jamestown that the English were especially fond of. The tobacco was thus termed Brown Gold because it provided Virginia with a stable economic base. In 1617, the headright system was used to solve labor shortages due to the initiation of Brown Gold. The colonists were given two headrights of land each, and one for each time they paid for the passage of another immigrant. The headright system thus increased the division between the wealthy landowners and the poor laborers. The system was the first to create a social hierarchy in Virginia.

Confucious and the golden rule, East meets west Coursework

Confucious and the golden rule, East meets west - Coursework Example From the Chinese philosopher’s perspective, a person who does not want to be hurt should not hurt others. On the other hand, Jesus implies that if you do not want to be harmed, do good to others because if you are good, then other people will give you back the same treatment. As an individual, I live by the same rule of Jesus because I strongly agree that people should be active participants in their community in making it a peaceful and harmonious place to live in. I recognize the view of Confucius that people should not do to others what they do not want others do to them. However, I am more inclined to strongly concur with Jesus’ point of view because it is not only stated positively but it also encourages an active participation of a person. I firmly believe that we need to stay away from doing dreadful things as Confucius interjects but in order to minimize if not eliminate awful situations, we have to actively do excellent things. According to Tao, the best man benefits all things just like water does. Where there is water, life abounds and the same is true with the best man. Tao says that the best man is selfless, able to benefit the people around him and does not compete with them. Instead, he is able to see identify a need and does something to meet the need without thinking about what he should gain from it or what he is going to lose if he needs to spend a lot of time and money in accomplishing the task. The best man, despite his commendable attributes will remain humble and simply continues to exist influence his community in a positive manner. Humility is that place which Tao says the water goes to which all disdain. Indeed, through the different centuries, only a handful strove to do good and still remain quiet about what they did. Most people set their goals high and do mighty works and above all their achievements, they want to be recognized and exalted. Nevertheless, the best man takes a different route. He gives

CIS333 Week 8 Assignment 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

CIS333 Week 8 Assignment 2 - Coursework Example It is also vital to bridge protocol in the organisation in case of an extreme emergency that would otherwise cost the groups dearly. The organization should have a means to prevent such attacks when they occur, for example, having a backup plan. Rooms with sensitive information like the server rooms should have steel doors and enabled biometric system to authenticate users to the room. They should also be locked with huge padlocks to avoid physical attacks by insiders. It is also necessary to have alert systems when there is any bridge being noticed in the organization. Implement as software that informs the administration in case power, for example, goes below the required amount. Failing systems are set with warning systems such as an imminent failure in the hard drives of the organization. It is also necessary to have corrective means to bring back a damaged or altered system back into its original course of action. For instance, the organization should have data recovery mechanisms in case of vital data disappearing. The history of any organization depends on facts gathered over time. Every process of the society is documented and stored as data. Such information is vital to knowing the organization’s current state, compare it to its past and to make correct future predictions. Data faces physical security threat where somebody walks into an office and transfers the information they want. Others break rooms to get these resources while others just need to be on the internet to access them. To maintain such data, we need physically to protect their locations. It includes the use of steel doors, heavy hinges and padlocks.It is also necessary to employ new means of identifying persons who have permission into these offices. We need to use biometrics to identify bonafide members (Bosworth & Kabay, 2002). Also, employ the use of encrypted passwords to unlock such doors. For instance using MD5, which is a very useful

Chemical Synthesis and Analysis of Seaweed

Chemical Synthesis and Analysis of Seaweed Chapter 1 Literature review 2015 Introduction Marine-microalgae are normally termed as seaweed belonging to the primitive family of non-flowering plant known as thallophyta (Fig 1). The sea plant lacks the leaves, stem and roots of true plants. The body of the seaweed is called the thallus named after the thallophyta. The flattened leaf portion of the microalgae is called the blade and its function is to increase the photosynthesizing surface area. Seaweeds are attached to the bottom by a root-like structure called a holdfast. Seaweeds are autotrophic which grows in the intertidal and sub-tidal region of the sea. Seaweeds grow abundantly where rocks and coral are present as substratum (Marine Fisheries information Services October-November 1998; Kaliaperumal et al., 2004). Figure 1: Shows the general structure of seaweed ( Thallophyta)( Reproduced from http://dtc.pima.edu/blc/183/03_183/03_183answers.html). Seaweed may be classified into two categories namely phaephyceae (Brown) and Rhodophyceae (Red). Seaweeds contain different types of phycolloids such as alginate, carrageenan, agarose and agar agar. Seaweed is mainly used in Asia as food, fodders, fertilizer and also as drugs in the pharmaceutical industry for its therapeutics properties (Marine Fisheries information Services, October-November, 1998). 1.1 Brown seaweed (Phaephyceae) Brown seaweed is found in the family of seaweed which is called the phaephyceae. The brown seaweed composition varies according to the species, throughout the year and between different habitats. Brown seaweed is composed mainly of carbohydrate such as alginate, laminaran, mannitol, fucoidan and small traces of cellulose as shown in Table 1. (Fasahati et al., 2012) Table1. Brown seaweed composition Component Base design dry weight (%) Used in simulation dry weight (%) Ash 23.63 25.48 Algin 27.78 27.78 Laminaran 16.67 18.52 Mannitol 14.81 14.81 Fucoidan 3.7 Cellulose 6.6 Protein 7.41 7.41 1.2 Alginate Alginate is a major structural biopolymer found in cell wall and intercellular matrix which provides mechanical strength in brown seaweed. Seaweeds containing alginate are called alginophyte (Yabur et al., 2006). In the natural environment, alginate exists as a mixture of potassium, calcium and sodium salt (Gomez et al., 2009). 1.2.1 Structure of alginate The structure differs from species, age and from different part of seaweed. Alginate consists of two monomers and is linked to each other alternately in a linear form. The monomers are namely ÃŽ ²-D-Mannuronate and ÃŽ ±-L-Guluronate in Fig 2(B) and 2(D) respectively. The acid form of mannuronate and guluronate, is mannuronic acid and guluronic acid (Fig 2(C)) respectively. Figure 2(A) depicts the structure of sodium alginate in a linear form. Alginate is the salt of alginic acid and its simplest formula is NaC6H7O6 in Fig 2(A) (Mahmood et al., 2009). . 2(A) 2(B) 2(C) 2(D) Figure 2: Repeat unit of (A) Sodium alginate (B) guluronate, (C) guluronic acid and (D) mannuronate (Falkeborg et al., 2014) The monomers are linked through carbon 1 and 4 and have sequences forming blocks of MM(Fig 3(A)), GG(Fig 3(A)) or GM blocks in Fig 3(A) (Arzate-Và ¡zquez et al., 2012, Morais et al., 2013). Mannuronates and guluronates both have carboxylic group on the carbon 5 of their respective structures (Falkeborg et al., 2014). (A) G G M M (B) G G M M GMMMMGGGGGGGMGMGMGMGMMMMG (C) MM blocks GG blocks MG blocks MM blocks Figure 3: (A) Alginate structure with G and M repeat units, (B) showing the repeat of G and M joined together (C) block fractions of alginate polymer (Yuemei Lin et al., 2010) 1.3 Species of brown seaweeds Alginate are commercially manufactured mainly from Laminaria hyperborea, Macrocystis pyrifera, Laminaria digitata, Ascophyllumnodosum, Laminaria japonica, Eclonia maxima, Lessonia nigrescens, Durvillea Antarctica, Turbinaria conoides, Turbianria ornata and Turbinaria decurrens, Sargassum, Turbinaria ,Hormophysa, Cystoseira and Sargassum sp (Bertagnolli et al.,2014; Chennubhotla et al., 2013; Kaliaperumal et al., 1974). 1.4 Extraction of alginate Gomez et al., (2009) described the pre-treatment and the extraction of alginate from brown seaweed. The seaweed was crushed and was added to water to moisten the latter. 0.1 N Hydrochloric acid was added to the sample and the solution was stirred in order to reach a pH value of 4. This process was continued for 15 min at room temperature and the supernatant was eliminated. The pre-treatment was carried out three times for each sample using 0.1 N Hydrochloric acid. The extraction was followed by the addition of the pre-treated solution to a beaker with 1 N sodium carbonate (pH of solution 10). The mixture was stirred mechanically for a period of 2 hours at a temperature of 60 oC. To the extracted solution a silicon based rock was added and was stirred for 15 minutes. The mixture was then centrifuged to obtain the sodium alginate supernatant. Sodium alginate can be purified using three different routes namely (i) Ethanol route, (ii) Hydrochloric acid route and (iii) Calcium chloride route as summarised in scheme 1. (i) Ethanol pathway The ethanol pathway was performed by the direct precipitation of sodium alginate using ethanol. The precipitate was washed then with ethanol under soxhlet condition for 100 hours to obtain the pure biopolymer which was dried under vacuum. (ii) Alginic pathway The extract alginate was mixed up with 1 N of HCl at room temperature under constant stirring for 1 hour at a pH of 1. To obtain the alginic acid, the mixture was separated by centrifugation by adding water and 1 N sodium carbonate. The mixture was left at room temperature under stirring for 1 hour in order to obtain the soluble form of sodium alginate. The polymer was precipitated by the addition of 1:1 volume ratio of ethanol by the method described in the ethanol pathway. (iii) Calcium chloride pathway To the extract of sodium alginate, 1 M calcium chloride was added and the precipitate was thoroughly washed with distilled water using a soxhlet for 64 hours. The mixture was agitated at room temperature and distilled water was then added followed by the addition of 1 N Hydrochloric acid until a pH 2 was reached. The alginic acid which is insoluble was separated from the supernatant by centrifugation and the insoluble alginic acid was washed with 0.05 N HCl and the solution were stirred at room temperature. The precipitation of alginate was obtained by the addition of Na2CO3 to obtain sodium alginate. The purified alginate was collected by the soxhlet as discussed in the ethanol pathway. Scheme1. Extraction of alginate (Gomez et al., 2009) 1.5 Yield of alginate The yield of alginate is being affected by different factors such as the species, age, period of harvest, temperature of extraction, extracted with either alkali or acid and on the content of alginate in brown seaweed also the size of alginate also affects the yield.(Fertah et al., 2014) Seaweeds that are grown in summer show a lower content of alginate in the branches and stems (15.1 %) and no trace of alginate in the receptacles (Bertagnolli et al., 2014). Sample SS size is 1mm and BS for 1mmoC (51.8 for SS and 44.01for BS) but an increase in temperature proved to have a drastic decrease in the yield shown in table 2 (Fertah et al., 2014). Table 2. Yield of alginate at different size sample and temperature Size 1mm Temperature /o C 25 40 60 25 40 60 Yield/% 38.33 51.8 43.2 35.28 44.01 40.2 There are up to 40% of alginate content in brown seaweed and the content of alginate depending species of brown algae can vary from 10 to 25% (Yabur et al., 2006). The period of collected of seaweed Sargassum filipendula have different yield of alginate. During fall, spring and summer the yield are 17.0  ±0.1 %, 17.2 ±0.3 % and 15.1 ± 0.1 % respectively. The yield is lower in summer than spring and fall because summer algae have lower receptacle and branches which are characteristic in their reproductive period. (Bertagnolli et al., 2015). The yield of alginate is also affected to different species of Sargassum shown in table 3. The highest yield is from S.vulgare is 30.2 % and the lowest S.dentifulum is 3.3 %. Table 3: Yield % of alginate from different species of Sargassum Species of seaweed % Yield S.vulgare 30.2 S.polycystum 17.1-27.6 S.dentifilium 3.3 S.latifilium 17.7 S.asperifolium 12.4 S.oligocystum 16.3-20.5 S.fuiltans 21.1-24.5 S.filipendula 15.1-17.2 1.6 Biosynthesis of alginate The proposed biosynthesis of alginic acid in Fucus gardineri in the presence of bacteria Pseudomonas is shown in Scheme 2 (Lin and Hassid: 1966). Mannose 1-phosphate reacts with GTP/ H+ in the presence of mannose 1-phosphate guanyl transferase to produce GDP-ÃŽ ±-D-mannose and the by product is diphosphate. GDP-ÃŽ ±-D-mannose in the presence of enzyme GDP-mannose dehydrogenase react with water and NAD+ giving GDP-Mannuronate and finally reacting with GDP/H+ to give alginate. Scheme 2: Biosynthesis of alginate in brown seaweed Fucus gardineri and bacteria (Lin and Hassid; 1966) 1.7 Characterisation of alginate Extracted alginate may be characterised using a variety of techniques such as 1H-NMR, FT-IR, SEC, DSC, CHNS elemental analysis and viscosity. 1.7.1 1H-NMR 1H-NMR spectroscopy is used to determine the main structural pattern and composition of alginate. Structures of alginate are generally constituted of homopolymeric blocks i.e M and G blocks that can be separated by heteropolymeric of MG blocks. The M/G ratio has a strong effect on the physical properties of alginate. Figure 4:1H-NMR Spectra for solution of alginate form S. vulgare in D2O (a) SVLV (S.vulgare low viscosity) and (b) SVHV (S.vulgare High viscosity) (Torres et al., 2007) Figure 4 (a) and (b) show the 1H-NMR spectra of alginate extracted from SLHV and SLHV respectively. Peak I (5.06 ppm) was attributed to anomeric proton (G-1) guluronic acid, peak II (4.7 ppm) show the anomeric proton (M-1) of mannuronic acid and the C-5 alternating blocks (GM-5) which is overlapping each other at this peak and peak III (4.4 ppm) is for the anomeric peak of guluronic acid H-5 (G-5) (Torres et al., 2007). 1.7.2 FT-IR analysis FT-IR spectroscopy is used to determine the functional groups present in the structure of alginate. The FT-IR spectra of the extracted alginate from brown seaweed Turbinaria ornata is given in (figure 5). The bands which is around 800 cm-1 corresponds to the C-H which is ‘out plane’ of the aromatic ring. The peak near 1040 cm-1 is due to the stretching vibrations of C-O bond. The bands at 1230 and 1600 cm-1 corresponding to C-N stretching and N-H bending vibration respectively show the presence of aliphatic amine. The O-H alcoholic groups shows stretching vibrations band at around 3400 cm-1 and C=O stretching vibrations due to the carboxylic acids group present in the structure (Gowtham Sriram et al., 2014). Figure 5: FT-IR spectra of Turbinaria ornata seaweed (Gowtham Sriram et al., 2014) 1.7.3 CHNS elemental analysis Table 4 shows the result for elemental analysis for SVHV and SVLV and both sample proved to have similar results. The nitrogen content is due to the protein found in the seaweed. The % C are 27.7 and 28.1, %H are 5.15 and 4.4 for SVLV and SVHV respectively. The %N (nitrogen) is due to the presence of protein which contains amine groups in seaweed. % S are zero for both SVLV and SVHV (Torres at al., 2007) Table 4 : Analytical data of Sargassum Vulgare alginate Analytical parameter (m/m %) SVLV(S.Vulgare low viscosity SVHV(S.Vulgare high viscosity H 5.15 4.49 C 27.7 28.1 N 0.178 0.164 S 0 0 1.7.4. Viscosity Intrinsic viscosity is the measurement of hydrodynamic volume occupied by complex molecule at unlimited dilution in specific solvents at a given temperature. The intrinsic viscosity depends on the molar mass (Mv), composition and the sequences of M and G residues. Intrinsic viscosity is represented as equation 1 [ÆÅ ¾] = sp/C Equation (1) Where ÆÅ ¾sp is specific viscosity and ÆÅ ¾sp/C is reduced viscosity Another equation of reduced viscosity is defined as ÆÅ ¾red = Equation (2) the intrinsic viscosity was found by the classical method of a plotting straight line graph according to the Huggin’s Equation (3) to which [ÆÅ ¾] y-intercept is obtained. ÆÅ ¾red = [ÆÅ ¾] + kH[ÆÅ ¾]2 C Equation (3) Graph of reduced viscosity versus alginate concentration for SVLV and SVHV sample shown in figure 6 (Torres et al., 2007). Figure 6: Specific viscosity of SVLV (S.Vulgare low viscosity) and SVHV(S.vulgare high viscosity) The viscosities were performed in 0.1 N NaCl at 25 oC for both SVLV and SVHV. Intrinsic viscosites are 6.9 and 4.14 g/dL for SVLV and SVHV respectively (Torres et al., 2007). Table 5 shows different [ÆÅ ¾] for different species of brown seaweed. High vis The intrinsic viscosities of S.Vulgare algiante ranges from (2.5-15.4) g/dL cosity was found SVLV due to high content of MM blocks. Table 5 :Intrinsic viscosity and average molar masses of alginates from different sources(Torres et al., 2007) Alginate source [ÆÅ ¾] (dL/g) Mwa 105 (g/mol) L. hyperborean 6.4 3.05 F. vesiculosus 2.5 1.17 A. nodosum 2.8 1.32 L. japonica 15.4 7.44 S. fluitans 6.30 3.00 S. dentifolium 12.6 6.06 S. asperifolium 15.2 7.34 S. latifolium 8.7 4.16 S. vulgare This study 4.1 1.94 LV (low viscosity ) HV (high viscosity) 6.9 3.30 1.7.4.1. Molar mass Molar mass (Mv) is determined by using the Mark-Houwink equation (4), [ÆÅ ¾] = k Mva - Equation (4) where k and a are empirical coefficients that are dependent on the polymer and the solvent-temperature system used. As for alginate, a value ranges from 0.73 to 1.31 can be acquired depending on the composition of alginate and ionic strength. G-rich alginate has higher a values while lower a values are observed in M-rich alginate which is flexible in nature Proposed empirical relations for [ņ¹] and the weight-average molar mass (Mw) for SVHV and SVLV was computed using equation 4 and the result shown in table 3 [ÆÅ ¾] = 0.023 Mw 0.984 - Equation 4 where [ÆÅ ¾] is given in dL/g and M in kDaltons. The a value used is 0.984 which is different on at specific solvent used. Average molar mass for SVHV was higher than SVLV and similar values to S.fluitans. SVLV has a lower value than other Sargassum species reported in table 5 (Torres et al., 2007). 1.8 Uses of alginate Alginate has many areas of application. For example in food industry and is use to stabilise mixture dispersion and emulsion which increase the viscosity of the gel and forms gel such as jam and jellies. Alginate gel films are also utilized in the food industry as edible films on fruits and vegetables and as coatings designed to improve stored meat quality, industrial and pharmaceutics because the water in alginate has the ability to hold and form gel, to form and stabilise emulsion, textile industry, rubber adhesive paper products, cosmetics and in dental mould (Chennubhotla et al., 2013; Crossingham et al., 2014). Alginate also protects against carcinogenic substances, it clears the digestive system and protects the membrane of the stomach and intestine. Alginate is used in the manufacturing of soft capsules and is consumed as beverage for lowering blood sugar level. Alginate is used in the textile industry as an additive for textile and has also been investigated recently in the composition in vaginal film dosage in pharmaceutical industries and alginate is also used in wound dressings (Paul et al., 2004).

The Signalman Analysis

The story begins with the narrator calling â€Å"Halloa! Below there! † into a railway cutting. The signalman standing on the line below does not look up, as the narrator expects, but rather turns about and stares into the railway tunnel it is his responsibility to monitor. The narrator calls down again and asks permission to descend. The signalman seems reluctant, but assents and waits with an air of ‘expectation and watchfulness’. The railway cutting is a damp, gloomy and lonely place. The signalman seems still to be in fear of the narrator, who tries to put him at ease. The signalman appears to have seen the narrator before. The narrator assures him that this is impossible. Reassured, the signalman welcomes the newcomer into his little cabin and the two men speak of the signalman's work. His labour consists of a dull, monotonous routine, but the signalman feels he deserves nothing better, as he misused his youthful academic opportunities. The narrator remarks that the signalman seems a sane and dutiful employee at all times but when he looks to his signal bell at two moments when it is not ringing. The visitor leaves with a promise to return on the following night. Before he makes his exit, the signalman asks him why he used the words â€Å"Halloa! Below! † on his arrival; were they not suggested to him â€Å"†¦in any supernatural way†? The narrator says no. The signalman implores him to by no means call out so again. He says that he is â€Å"troubled†. The following day the narrator returns and does not call. The signalman tells him that he will reveal to him the nature of his trouble, which is that he is haunted by a recurring apparition: he has seen a spectre at the entrance to the tunnel on two separate occasions and that each appearance has foreshadowed a tragedy. In the first instance, the signalman heard the shouted words that the narrator spoke and saw a figure with its arm across its face, waving the other in desperate warning. He questions it but it vanishes. He then runs into the tunnel but finds nobody. Within a few hours there occurs a terrible train crash with many casualties. On its second appearance, the figure is silent, with both hands before the face in an attitude of mourning. Soon afterward, a beautiful young woman dies in a passing train. Finally the signalman admits that he has seen the spectre several times within the past week. It seems to the narrator that the signalman is suffering from hallucinations. During the conversation the signalman sees the spectre, and hears his bell toll out a phantom ring, but the narrator sees and hears nothing of these events. The signalman is convinced these supernatural incidents are portents of a third tragic event yet to happen, and is sick with fear and frustration: he does not understand why he should be burdened with knowledge of an incipient tragedy when he, as a lowly railway functionary, has neither the authority nor the ability to prevent it. The sceptical narrator believes that his new friend's imagination has been overtaxed and suggests taking him to see a doctor. The following day the narrator visits the railway cutting for a third time, and is struck to see a figure at the mouth of the tunnel. This figure is no ghost, however. It is a man, one of a group of officials investigating an incident on the line. The narrator discovers his friend the signalman is dead, having been struck by an oncoming train. He had been standing on the line, looking intently at something, and failed to get out of the way. The driver of the train explains that he did attempt to warn the signalman of his danger: as the train bore down on the signalman the driver called out to him â€Å"Below there! Look out! Look out! For God’s sake, clear the way! † Moreover, the driver waved his arm in warning even as he covered his face to avoid seeing the train strike the hapless signalman. The narrator notes the significance of the similarity between the driver's actions and the actions of the spectre as the signalman had earlier described them, but leaves the nature of that significance to the reader.

Cell Phone Effects Essay

Introduction: Introduction about using mobile phones in the present Thesis: Using mobile phones in the present is a popular for all ages and there are many advantages to user. I. Argument or reason to support – Mobile phones is convenient communication tool. – Good feature of mobile phone – Mobile phones no limited about time II. Argument against – Negative healthy effects – The effect on children – Mobile phone and driving – The effect on the social Refutation: Mobile phones are a necessity in daily life. Human must be use in communicate. Conclusion: Using mobile phone is popular in the present and there are important to human as if it’s past of life. Human must used it for communication. From a good feature, human can use many advantages from mobile phone. At present, mobile phones are popular for everyone in our society. Mobile phones are common facilities for all ages. They can be used to communication between two persons or more than two persons everywhere and every time. So, mobile phones are important equipment for people nowadays. And mobile phones have many disadvantages. To have good health and live happily in our society, we should not use mobile phones. The most important advantage of using mobile phones is that mobile phones are convenient communication tools that we can use to communicate with our friends. Besides, you can carry mobile phones everywhere by keeping them in shopping bags and school bags because mobile phones are small and easy to carry. Furthermore, mobile phones have a lot of good functions such as cameras, music players, radio, the Internet, games, dictionaries, sound recorders, video players, calculators, map, bluetooth devices, notes, calendars and etc. In contrast, mobile phones have many disadvantages. The first one is they have effects to our†¦

Essay about Animal Farm, by George Orwell - 1648 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This novel takes place at a farm, which its name is Manor Farm, who’s owned by Mr. Jones. He a drunk that never really took care of his animals. There was a Boar that lived on the farm his name was Old Major. He is twelve years old, had lately grown rather stout, majestic- looking pig, tushes never been cut, and wise and benevolent appearance. He sets up a meeting to discuss an important matter that happened to him the night before. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The discussion to place at night after Mr. Jones was asleep. In a barn is where all the animals had gather to listen to Old Major speech. Three dogs, a cat, pigeons, hens, pigs, cows, sheep’s, two horses named Clover, mother that never got her figure†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the past years Mr. Jones lost money in a lawsuit. Afterwards he drank more, the field was full of weeds, and the animals were getting underfed. When June came they just started to forget feeding the animals. They got so hungry they went to the store-shed a broke the doors open. Mr. Jones and four men went there and started whipping the animals. Their reaction was different this time, and they ended chasing Mr. Jones and his men off of their property. They’ve been learning how to read and write and with the sign that said Manor Farm, they changed to Animal Farm. Napoleon took puppies from the mother because he was going to teach them how to read and write. He took them and stuck them on the second floor, which you needed a ladder to get up there. Eventually everyone forgot about the puppies. They also wrote on a wall were the Seven Commandments, which are 1) Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. 2) Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3) No animal shall wear clothes. 4) No animal shall sleep in bed. 5) No animal shall drink alcohol. 6) No animal shall kill any other animal. 7) All animals are equal. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; They went to the hayfield, to collect food for the harvest. It was the biggest harvest ever. The pigs were the ones who directed the animals all of the work. During the summer they all worked. Every Sunday they had a meeting and ended the meeting with the song Beast of England.Show MoreRelatedAnimal Farm And George Orwell By George Orwell1034 Words   |  5 Pages Eric Arthur Blair, under the pseudonym of George Orwell, composed many novels in his lifetime that were considered both politically rebellious and socially incorrect. Working on the dream since childhood, Orwell would finally gain notoriety as an author with his 1945 novel Animal Farm, which drew on personal experiences and deeply rooted fear to satirically critique Russian communism during its expansion. Noticing the impact he made, he next took to writing the novel 1984, which similarly criticizedRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell1397 Words   |  6 PagesAn important quote by the influential author of Animal Farm, George Orwell, is, â€Å"Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism.† George Orwell, a Democratic Socialist, wrote the book Animal Farm as an attack on the Communist country of Russia (â€Å"The Political Ideas of George Orwell,† worldsocialism.org). He had a very strong disliking of Communism and the Socialist party of Russia. However, he insisted on finding the truthRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1545 Words   |  7 Pagesallow because an this elite institution of people often use this gear to dominate and oppress society. In George Orwell’s story, Animal Farm, Orwell demonstrates that education is a powerful weapon and is a device that can be used to at least one’s benefit. Living in a world where strength is a straightforward to benefit, the pigs quick use education to govern the relaxation of the animals on the farm to serve themselves worked to their advantage. This story in shows the underlying message that   firstRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell944 Words   |  4 Pageslegs(Orwell 132). He carried a whip in his trotter(Orwell 133). In the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell, animals have the ability to talk and form their own ethos, Animalism. Animal Farm is an intriguing allegory by George Orwell, who is also th e author of 1984, includes many enjoyable elements. More knowledge of the author, his use of allegorical elements, themes, symbols, and the significance in the real world, allows the reader to get more out of this glance into the future. George OrwellRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell876 Words   |  4 Pagesrebellious animals think no man means freedom and happiness, but they need to think again. The animals of Manor Farm rebel against the farm owner, Mr. Jones, and name it Animal Farm. The animals create Animalism, with seven commandments. As everything seems going well, two of the animals get into a rivalry, and things start changing. Food starts disappearing and commandments are changed, and the power begins to shift. Father of dystopian genre, George Orwell writes an interesting allegory, Animal FarmRead MoreAnimal Farm by George Orwell1100 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Widely acknowledged as a powerful allegory, the 1945 novella Animal Farm, conceived from the satirical mind of acclaimed author George Orwell, is a harrowing fable of a fictional dystopia that critiques the socialist philosophy of Stalin in terms of his leadership of the Soviet Union. Tired of their servitude to man, a group of farm animals revolt and establish their own society, only to be betrayed into worse servitude by their leaders, the pigs, whose initial virtuous intentionsRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell1538 Words   |  7 PagesMecca Animal Farm The Russian Revolution in 1917 shows how a desperate society can be turned into a military superpower filled with terror and chaos. George Orwell uses his book, Animal Farm, to parallel this period of time in history. This book is an allegory of fascism and communism and the negative outcomes. The animals begin with great unity, working toward a common goal. The government then becomes corrupted by the temptations of power. George Orwell uses the characters in Animal Farm to showRead MoreAnimal Farm by George Orwell1175 Words   |  5 PagesAn enthusiastic participant in the Spanish civil war in 1936, George Orwell had a great understanding of the political world and made his strong opinions known through his enlightening literary works, many of which are still read in our modern era. Inspired by the 1917 Russian Revolution and the failed society it resulted in, Animal Farm by George Orwell is an encapsulating tale that epitomises how a free utopian society so idealistic can never be accomplished. The novella exemplifies how influencesRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1089 Words   |  5 PagesIn George Orwell’s â€Å"Animal Farm†, the pigs as the farm leaders, use unknown language, invoke scare tactics and create specific laws, thereby enabling them to control other animals, to suit their greedy desires, and to perform actions outside their realm of power. Because of the pigs’ use of broad language, and the implementation of these tactics they are able to get away with avoiding laws, and are able to convince other animals into believing untrue stories that are beneficial to the pigs. The firstRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1212 Words   |  5 PagesShe stood there over the dead animals thinking to herself what have we come to? We try to become free but we just enslave ourselves to a so called superior kind. Napoleon killed the animals in front of the whole farm and said that this was to be the punishment for the traitors. Snowball was known as a traitor now and anyone conspiring with him would be killed. Snowball and Napoleon both represent historical characters during the Russian revolution in 1917.Snowball who was one of the smartest pigs

The Attraction to Paris - 835 Words

Millions and millions of people from all around the world come to visit France every year. The most popular city to visit in France is Paris. So many people visit Paris, but each of them have different reasons for visiting. Some people come to see the major landmarks and attractions. Others come to see the numerous art galleries. The food in Paris draws in tourists all by itself. There are many reasons to visit Paris. Probably the most popular reason to visit Paris is to see all of the most famed monuments. The Eiffel Tower is the unmistakable icon of Paris. Gustave Eiffel designed the tower for the World Expo of 1889. Back then, Eiffel was an engineer who designed iron bridges for trains. He employed the same kind of structural elements when designing the Eiffel Tower, most notably the iron crossbars and massive archways. Another monumental landmark is the Arc de Triomphe. Napoleon commissioned the Arc de Triomphe in 1806, as a monument to the success of his imperial ar mies, and it wasnt finished until 1836. The design for the arch was based on the Arch of Titus in Rome, which is 50 feet tall, but the architect scaled the Arc de Triomphe to three times that size at 156 feet tall. Tourists can climb stairs to the roof, or ride in an elevator. The Notre Dame is a popular place to visit as well. It is the finest example of Gothic architecture in Paris. The original towers are 223 feet tall, but the spire which was added during the 19th century is 300 feetShow MoreRelatedDisney in Tokyo and Paris1231 Words   |  5 Pagesmethodology to Paris to open its new park in 1992, EuroDisney (Cateora Graham, 2007). Disney failed to realize that while its strategy in Japan worked for Japan, its Japan strategy was not going to work in Paris. Disney decided to photo copy their operation and learned that was not acceptable. In 1992, several unforeseen issues arose that Disney was not prepared to handle. There were transatlantic airfare wars and currency movements that lead people to avoid traveling to Paris. Also, Disney wasRead MoreWalt Disney s Theme Park1440 Words   |  6 PagesWhile, Japan and Paris only hold one theme park, Tokyo Disneyland and Disneyland Paris. Each new Disney park strives to be unique, create fun attractions and serve cuisine that appeal to the citizens of its location but remain consistently classic. Disneyland Anaheim is divided into eight themed lands; Main Street USA, Tomorrowland, Fantasyland, Mickey’s Toontown, Critter Country, New Orleans Square and Adventureland. Disneyland has a total of fifty-four attractions. Famous attractions include the MadRead MoreThe Journey Of An Odyssey Trip Of My Own1263 Words   |  6 Pagesthings while I am there to visit. My first destination is London, United Kingdom while there I will be visiting the London Eye, Tower Bridge, and Trafalgar Square. My second place of interest for travel is Paris, France. While there to contain the boredom I will be a part of the tourist attractions such as the Eiffel Tower, Canal Saint-Martin, and the Place des Vosges. Third in my plane route is Barcelona, Spain. There to experience the beauty of their country, I will be looking at the Magic FountainRead MoreWhat it is Like to Live in Paris in the Article, See Paris the Real Parisians Do, from The Arizona Republic1129 Words   |  5 PagesThe text â€Å"See Paris the real Parisians do† is an article from â€Å"The Arizona Republic† which was written by Richard Nilsen and published in 2009. The text is a discourse on the subject of the realistic side of Paris. As the text describes what it is like to live in Paris, it allows the audience to â€Å"see Paris the way real Parisians do.† The simplistic diction used by the text targets audiences who never experienced Paris. Thus, audiences who never experienced Paris or its cultural context will be ableRead MoreChange The Code Essay804 Words   |  4 PagesOrigins [ edit | change the code ] The practice emerges in the 1980s. In France , the Paris region is conducive to this activity ( metro , many construction sites , factories , hospitals and other abandoned buildings, roofs of buildings, monuments , underground , etc.) and derives from the movement of cataphilia . The Australia , the United States and the Anglo-Saxon countries in general also have important practitioners communities. Interests of urban explorers [ edit | change the code ] Urban explorationRead MoreGiovanni s Room By James Baldwin1723 Words   |  7 Pagesto Spain. As she’s gone, David and Giovanni spend a lot of time together. In David’s move to Paris, he knew that he would be more liberated into having sexual interactions with other men because it was legal to do it over there. He met Giovanni in a gay bar that was owned by one of his friends named Guillaume. David kindly offered to buy Giovanni a drink and they hit it off with each other since then. Paris was known for having a high population in the LGBT community. There was a lot of bars, clubsRead MoreThe Paris Eiffel Tower977 Words   |  4 Pagescould think of in the world nowadays. 1.1 History and background of The Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower is located in Paris, France, buildt in 1889 and it is 1063 feet tall. The reason of the name of the Eiffel Tower is because it was named after Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, who was a famous civil engineer and architect. The tower was built for the International Exhibition of Paris in memory of the centenary of the French Revolution. It means too much for the french people, it is a sign of freedom andRead MoreDisneyland Paris ( Formerly Euro Disney )1291 Words   |  6 PagesDisneyland Paris (formerly Euro Disney) While Tokyo Disneyland is considered a great success, the Walt Disney Company’s next international theme park venture, Euro Disney, is quite the opposite. In the 1980’s with the great success of Tokyo Disneyland, TWDC entertained the idea of building another international theme park. The Walt Disney Company knew they wanted to build a park in Europe but needed to find a place where they could build their own reality free from the sights and sounds of the realRead MoreCase2 the Not-so-Wonderful World of Eurodisney1743 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Marketing Management Professor: Prof. Nicholas Name: Tim Date: 2/25/13 Case study: The Not-So-Wonderful World of EuroDisney Summary Euro Disney SCA formally launched its theme park to Europeans in April 1992 near river Marne, 20 miles East of Paris. It was the biggest and most lavish theme park that Walt Disney had built bigger than any of its Disney parks around the world. The location was chosen over 200 potential sites in Europe from Portugal through Spain, France, Italy and Greece. DisneyRead MoreThe Themed Land Concept Of Parks1131 Words   |  5 Pagesthroughway to guide guests to the castle, Main Street, USA. From the castle, the other themed lands jut out like spokes of a wheel with the castle being the main focal point of the theme park. The Magic Kingdom in Orlando, Tokyo Disneyland, Disneyland Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland all follow the same original layout of the park in California. Most of the theme parks across the world include the same original themed lands as Disneyland as well, but there are a few exceptions in each park. The two themed

A Solution To the Foreclosure Crisis Essay - 955 Words

The foreclosure crisis has reached new heights since the all-time high deficit in the economy. U.S. foreclosure rates went up more than 81% and 861,664 families lost their homes to foreclosure in 2008 (Les Christie). Also, 54 households received a foreclosure notice last year (Les Christie). So what is the solution? Bold action is needed to address this serious issue. I suggest a â€Å"real estate pause† for a temporary amount of time, similar to what Roosevelt did with the â€Å"bank holiday† during the Great Depression. The root of the foreclosure problem is that people who should be living in homes valued at $200,000 or lower are living in over $500,000 homes with â€Å"house poor† mortgages. Many Americans like to live above their†¦show more content†¦New homeowners should even be required to look at foreclosure properties when looking into buying a new home. The new home buyers need to be looking into the foreclosure properties so that these properties can be released from the bank’s control and the banks can do their jobs. All of these changes need to be implemented by the federal government because it will cause changes to make a bigger impact and lower the foreclosures at a faster rate. I understand that completely shutting down the real estate market all over the nation would be difficult and a little unrealistic because of its size but somehow there needs to be a â€Å"pause button† so that the houses can try and get back their original values. The steps that need to be taken to achieve a â€Å"real estate pause† can be a shorter process than one might imagine. The federal government would have to declare the â€Å"real estate pause† and close down the interactions between real estate and the banks. I do not think that it has to be long; Roosevelt’s â€Å"bank holiday† lasted only 6 days. It needs to be long enough for the American people to relax and start to trust the system again and short enough that they do not start to get uneasy about it. I would suggest a week. The idea is to slow down the market a little bit so that it can regulate out again and start getting back to normal to avoid futureShow MoreRelatedSolution to the Foreclosure Crisis1326 Words   |  6 PagesI have what I believe to be a viable solution to the foreclosure crisis. I am almost certain that, if implemented, it would work. We need social services reform. I hesitate to say this, because it may come off as sounding too radical, but desperate times call for desperate measures. Simply put, if something fails, we must look at the overall picture and see what may be wrong—we need to troubleshoot the system. To me, and hopefully to most Americans with any interest in the future of our nation, itRead MoreA Practical Solution to the Foreclosure Crisis1122 Words   |  5 PagesIt is no secret the foreclosure crisis has played a significant role in the financial meltdown of the past year. The collapse of the housing marketing has brought thousands of families across the country to financial ruin, forcing many out on the streets. Although the common consensus is that something must be done to stabilize the foreclosure crisis, the agreement ends there. Proposed solutions to the foreclosure crisis have drawn controversy from all political affiliations and walks of life. ThisRead MoreEssay on Solution to the Foreclosure Crisis2199 Words   |  9 PagesHow real is the mortgage foreclosure problem in America? How did it come about? What are some possible solutions? First of all, the problem is so big that almost everyone knows someone who lost their house because of a foreclosure, and this is new. It didn’t used to be that way. Listening to the stories of foreclosure evictions provides an eyewitness viewpoint of how it happened. This is important because it provides a background against which to decide solutions. The overhang of foreclosed homesRead MorePossible Solutions to the Foreclosure Crisis Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of this writing is to analyze the foreclosure crisis and offer some solutions to keep people in their homes and satisfy the financial accounting records of the banking industry. With more lost jobs on the horizon and fluctuating adjustable mortgage rates, the foreclosure crisis continues to plague America. A recent report from the Mortgage Bankers Association reveals that 14% of loans are behind or in foreclosure. This is largely due to lost jobs in this volatile economy. Many factorsRead MoreProposed Solution to the Foreclosure Crisis Essay1250 Words   |  5 PagesToday’s America is in crisis; we are in a recession. The greatest factor driving this major recession is Foreclosure many Americans are forced to face every day. In simple terms, the foreclosure crisis was caused by greed in the banking industry and too much optimism of the American people. This resulted in a bubble of subprime mortgage lending, which eventually collapsed once leading mortgage firms in the banking industry such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac needed to be bailed out by the governmentRead MoreSolution to the Foreclosure Crisis: Lending Laws1518 Words   |  7 PagesThe current foreclosure crisis in America has directly impacted thousands of homeowners who have lost or are losing their homes. It has indirectly affected nearly every American, as it is the underpinning of our current economic recession. In order to resolve this crisis, we first need to understand how we got to this point. With that understanding, we can look for solutions, and then try to prevent this from happening again. In regards to a solution, I have come up with three steps that could beRead MoreProposed Solutions to the Foreclosure Crisis Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesForeclosure is a growing national disaster in the United States. Every time you tune in to your local news, there is a new family whose house is being foreclosed. Every time you ride around the neighborhood, there is another house up for sale. There are several solutions to this increasing trend including cutting government spending and cutting funds towards unsuccessful government programs, devising financial plans to assist families by setting up payment plans that they can afford, getting communitiesRead MoreEssay on A Solution to the Foreclosure Crisis2422 Words   |  10 Pageslike to stop foreclosure on their homes, we need to address the root or the heart of the problem, not just a branch or limb. Solving foreclosure would be like putting a band-aid on a wound which needs surgery. The real problem resides in human behavior and governmental policy concerning the environment which we inhabit. So, with this information, I will address how to come about a real solution in terms of preventing foreclosure (and better than that, solving what causes foreclosure) (which is interrelatedRead MoreAn Integrated Solution to the Foreclosure Crisis Essay2100 Words   |  9 PagesForeclosure. Only recently has the term become a buzz word among the American public and various media. The crisis that has enveloped the United States has initiated widespread questioning of the very financial systems in which the American innovators have grown to prosper. Although the foreclosure crisis is often viewed as a product of greedy financial institutions, causation cannot be distilled to individual constituencies; further regulation on various components of the crisis can develop theRead MoreSolving The Foreclosure Crisis: Two Solutions Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pagesthe rapid increase in foreclosures across the country. The country’s immense housing crisis can be addressed by referring to not only the accumulating irresponsibility of the individual American loan borrower, but also the growth of greed at the corporate level which led to the financial market’s negligence. To stop the spread of this issue we should look at closer government watch of the market and specifically focus on consumer education. The Quagmire What is foreclosure? Well it is actually

Assessment - Resuscitation and Early Management

Question: Discuss about the Assessment, Resuscitation and Early Management. Answer: Introduction: Clinical reasoning is the term generally used interchangeably with clinical judgment, problem solving, decision making and critical thinking. Clinical reasoning is the stepwise approach incorporating collection of cues and information, processing of the information, understanding patients exact problem, planning and implementing nursing interventions and evaluation of outcomes. Clinical reasoning is not a linear process, however it is complex process comprising of different steps. Tasks in the clinical reasoning should be modified according to the condition of the patient. Clinical reasoning is very important aspect in nursing intervention because it has positive impact of the outcome of the patient. An improper clinical reasoning would result in the wrong diagnosis and consequently wrong treatment. As a result, there is possibility of deterioration of the patient. Adverse patient outcome can be prevented by accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment and appropriate management of rela ted complications. All these three aspects can be effectively implemented using clinical reasoning (Cooper and Frain, 2016). In case of Katie clinical reasoning is used for her assessment. Nurse described about Katie, collected information about medical condition of Katie, understood her exact problem, planned and implemented nursing interventions for Katie. In this essay all these steps are discussed. Assessment of Katie should include medical, social and psychological aspects. Hence, nurse should be well versed with all these aspects for implementing clinical reasoning in case of Katie. Katie a 23 year old woman is admitted to the hospital due to sustained haematoma 18 hours ago because she was hit by a slow moving car. After assessment, it was observed that she had mild traumatic brain injury. Intracranial hemorrhage and haematoma are very common in persons with traumatic brain injury. Approximately 50 % patients with traumatic brain injury suffer through haematoma. This haematoma can be indentified in first four hours of the brain injury (Qureshi et al., 2015). From the literature, it is evident that persons of Katies age, are less susceptible to brain injury as compared to the older people. Because in older people, chances of brain injury are more due to fall. Younger people of Katies age can recover fast in terms of neurological symptoms as compared to the older people. This age people can recover from neurological symptoms in approximately 5 years (Plata et al., 2008). Collect cues and information: From the provided handover, her heart rate was 89 beats per minute, respiratory rate was 13 breaths per minute and oxygen saturation (Sp02) was 96 %. All these values indicated that her heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were normal. Her Glasgow Coma Score was 14. It indicated she had mild coma. Her blood pressure was 142/78 mmHg. Her systolic blood pressure was higher than normal while diastolic blood pressure was normal. She was forgetting recent information and remembering with some prompting. It indicates that she had developed little memory loss. There was information missing about the pupillary size and reaction to light because brain injury can directly affect retina. Her temperature recording was also missing because patients with brain injury are susceptible to pyrexia. Recording of central venous pressure was also missing from her handover because in patients with brain injury there is possibility of increase in intracranial pressure. Her haematology full bl ood count and coagulation screening should have been performed; however this information was missing from her handover. Her blood sugar level and urinary output using urinary catheter should have been done. Also, in the provided handover there was no information about the medications which were used as an initial therapy. These medications should have been mentioned in handover because it would have been used to plan further management of Katie (Moppett, 2007). Her past medical history revealed that she was suffering through painful ankle mainly due to basketball. However, she used to avoid consumption of painkillers. Process information: From the evaluated parameters, it was evident that Katies heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were in the normal range. Heart rate should be 70- 100 beats per minute, respiratory rate should be 12 20 breaths per minute and oxygen saturation should be above 94 % for the person of Katies age. From the literature, it is evident that persons with subdural haematoma generally develops hypertension. In case of Katie also, it was observed that she had developed systolic hypertension. Glasgow Coma Score between 13 14 is considered as mild coma. Her coma score was within this range. Persons with brain injury generally develop cardiovascular instability. It includes bradycardia and hypertesion. However, heart rate should be normal. People with brain injury also develop hypoxia, however in case on Katie her oxygen saturation is in the normal range (Adams, 2010). Identify problems/issues: She developed memory loss. Her computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be performed to get more insight of brain injury. Thrombocytopenia should be performed for her because it can be helpful in bleeding diathesis. Her blood group should be taken. It would be helpful in finding matched blood group, if surgical intervention required for subdural haematoma. She should be provided with artificial intubation because patients with brain injury might develop hypoxia. Also she should be provided with central venous catheter. It would be useful in monitoring intracranial pressure because in patients with brain injury there is possibility of increase in the intracranial pressure. This intracranial venous catheter would also be useful in providing fluid and drugs (Blissitt, 2006). Persons of Katies age are not generally associated with the hypertension. However, due to brain injury and haematoma, she developed hypertension. Other persons who are not experienci ng this condition, would not have memory loss and they would be conscious. However, Katie is suffering through memory loss and mild coma. There is possibility of hyperpyrexia and hypercarbia in Katie. This condition would not be there in persons without brain injury. Katie may need artificial intubation as she may develop hypoxia and blood loading. However, persons without brain injury may not require artificial intubation and blood loading (Moppett, 2007). There is possibility of development of paralysis in Katie. There is possibility of vision loss and other complications due to retinal injury. However, in people of Katies age, there is less possibility of development of paralysis and retinal complications. There is possibility of proprioceptive dysfunction in Katie. There is possibility of sensory processing disorder in Katie. This sensory processing disorder comprises of speech impairment, memory loss and cognitive impairment. Katie may also develop facial paralysis which is ter med as facial palsy. People without brain injury may not develop these conditions (Ponsford et al., 2008). Detail the assessment: Nursing and medical goals should be set for Katie. Her blood pressure, respiratory rate and hypoxia should remain normal. For this purpose appropriate medications should be administered to Katie. Her physical assessment and vital signs should be monitored on regular basis. Blood pressure should be measured using blood pressure apparatus and hypoxia should be evaluated by incorporating arterial blood gas (ABG) test. If nurse found abnormality in these values, nurse should consult with doctor to modify treatment accordingly. Nurse should evaluate oxygen saturation before and after artificial intubation. Nurse should consult with the psychologist to take care of her speech problem and cognitive impairment. Nurse should assess her cognitive impairment by giving different tasks (Schultheis and Whipple, 2014; Guy et al., 2014). This would be helpful for nurse to make conclusion on type of memory loss. Nurse should evaluate paralysis in her by assessing reaction time to particular task. Nur se should evaluate her urine output on regular basis because cardiovascular complications can affect urine output. Nurse should use catheter to measure amount of urine collected in prior 24 hours. Nurse should evaluate intracranial pressure of Katie using central venous catheter. In case, if there is raised intracranial pressure observed in Katie, nurse should consult doctor for surgical intervention (Carone and Bush, 2012). Conclusion: Nurse should be well versed with biomedical and clinical sciences for implementing clinical reasoning for Katie. Nurse should be skillful in gathering clinical and medical data. Based on the collected information, nurse should interpret clinical data. This interpretation would be helpful for the nurse to take further action. Next step should be based on the known information and hypothesis based on the clinical data. Nurse should have knowledge of different aspects like history collection, physical examination, differential diagnosis, signs, symptoms and tests. In case Katie, information about her was collected. Persons of Katies age generally doesnt face problem of traumatic brain injury. Heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation of Katie are normal. Her Glasgow Coma Score indicates mild coma. It is evident that she is experiencing memory loss. There should be requirement of tests to be performed for papillary size, pyrexia, central venous pressure, blood count and coagulat ion. These all parameters can be significantly changed in cases of traumatic brain injury. Nurse should use different tests and techniques like ABG and central venous catheter for further evaluation of Katie. Thus with the application of clinical reasoning complete assessment of Katie can be performed and holistic management can be provided. References: Adams, J.P. (2010). Non-neurological complications of brain injury". In John P. Adams; Dominic Bell; Justin McKinlay. Neurocritical care : a guide to practical management. London: Springer. pp. 7788. Blissitt, P.A. (2006). Care of the critically ill patient with penetrating head injury. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 18(3), 32132. Carone, D., and Bush, S.S. (2012). Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Symptom Validity Assessment and Malingering. Springer Publishing Company. Cooper, N., and Frain, J. (2016). ABC of Clinical Reasoning. John Wiley Sons. Guy, R., Furmanov, A., Itshayek, E., Shoshan, Y., and Singh, V. (2014). Assessment of a noninvasive cerebral oxygenation monitor in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurosurgery, 120(4), 901907. Moppett, I.K. (2007). Traumatic brain injury: Assessment, resuscitation and early management. British Journal of Anaesthesiology, 99(1), 1831. Plata, C.M., Hart, T., Hammond, F.M., Frol, A., et al., (2008). Impact of Age on Long-term Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89(5), 896903. Ponsford, J., Draper, K., and Schonberger, M. (2008). Functional outcome 10 years after traumatic brain injury: its relationship with demographic, injury severity, and cognitive and emotional status. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 14(2), 233242. Qureshi, A.I., Malik, A. A., Adil, M.M., Defillo, A., Sherr, G., and Suri, K. (2015). Hematoma Enlargement Among Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: Analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Clinical Trial. Journal of vascular and interventional neurology, 8(3), 4249. Schultheis, M. T., and Whipple, E. (2014). Driving after traumatic brain injury: evaluation and rehabilitation interventions. Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports, 2(3), 176183.